Frequently Asked Questions About ELD Devices
What is an ELD device?
An ELD (Electronic Logging Device) is a tool that automatically records a commercial driver’s driving time and hours of service (HOS). It connects to the truck’s engine and helps ensure compliance with FMCSA regulations.
Why are ELDs required in the trucking industry?
The FMCSA mandates ELD use to improve road safety and make it easier for drivers to track their working hours. ELDs replace paper logs and reduce the risk of HOS violations.
Who needs to use an ELD?
Most commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers who must maintain RODS (Record of Duty Status) must use an ELD unless they qualify for a specific exemption.
How do I install an ELD in my truck?
Installation depends on your truck’s make and model. Most ELDs plug into the vehicle’s diagnostic port (usually OBD-II or J1939). After plugging it in, you pair the device with a mobile app to start recording driving data.
Do ELDs work with all types of trucks?
Yes, most ELDs are designed to work with many truck models. However, some older trucks built before 2000 may not support ELDs and could be exempt.
What happens if my ELD stops working while I’m on the road?
If an ELD malfunctions, drivers must switch to paper logs for up to 8 days until the device is fixed. You should also report the issue to your carrier and keep records of the malfunction.
Can an ELD track my location?
Yes. ELDs record location data at specific intervals, especially during driving status changes. This is required by law but is not used for real-time tracking beyond HOS compliance.
Is GPS tracking the same as ELD tracking?
Not exactly. ELDs log HOS data and provide basic location snapshots. GPS tracking provides continuous location updates. Some ELD providers offer GPS features as an add-on.
Do ELDs track driver speed or behavior?
While not all ELDs monitor speed or behavior, many include features like harsh braking, idling, and speed alerts to help improve safety and efficiency.
How much do ELD systems cost?
Costs vary depending on the brand and features. Some providers charge a flat upfront fee, while others offer subscription plans. Basic systems start around $15/month, while full-featured packages may cost $35–$50/month
Can I use my smartphone or tablet as part of my ELD system?
Yes. Most ELDs use Bluetooth or Wi-Fi to connect with a driver’s smartphone or tablet through a dedicated mobile app. Just make sure your device meets FMCSA requirements.
What kind of reports can an ELD generate?
ELDs can produce driver logs, DVIRs (Driver Vehicle Inspection Reports), HOS summaries, and compliance alerts. Fleet managers use these reports to monitor performance and stay audit-ready.
How do ELDs help with DOT audits?
During an audit, ELD records show accurate logs of driver activity, helping prove compliance with HOS rules. You can email or transfer these logs directly from the ELD to the inspector.
What’s the difference between an AOBRD and an ELD?
An AOBRD (Automatic Onboard Recording Device) was a precursor to ELDs. ELDs offer stricter compliance rules, standardized data formatting, and GPS integration.
Can an ELD improve fuel efficiency?
Yes. Many ELDs offer idle-time tracking, fuel reports, and driving behavior insights that help reduce fuel waste and improve efficiency.
How secure is the data collected by ELDs?
Reputable ELD providers protect your information with encrypted data storage and secure transmissions. Always choose FMCSA-approved vendors for better safety and compliance.
Are there exemptions to the ELD mandate?
Yes. Drivers who use paper logs for 8 days or less in a 30-day period, towaway drivers, and vehicles manufactured before 2000 are generally exempt from the ELD requirement.
How do I choose the best ELD system for my fleet?
Look for a certified device that meets FMCSA requirements. Consider your fleet size, budget, and whether you need extras like GPS tracking, dash cams, or IFTA reports.
Does an ELD automatically switch between duty statuses?
Yes. ELDs detect when the vehicle is moving and automatically switch to “driving” status. Drivers can manually select other statuses, such as “on duty” or “off duty.”
What mobile apps are compatible with ELD devices?
Most ELD providers have their own apps for iOS and Android. These apps allow drivers to log in, manage HOS, perform inspections, and send reports.
Do I need an internet connection for ELD to work?
Not continuously. ELDs can store data offline and sync with the app or cloud when a connection becomes available. However, real-time tracking and reporting features may need a stable connection.
Can I use my ELD data to dispute violations?
Yes. Accurate ELD logs can be used to contest unjustified violations or fines, especially during roadside inspections or DOT reviews.
Do ELDs support driver vehicle inspection reports (DVIRs)?
Yes. Many ELDs have built-in DVIR functions, allowing drivers to complete and submit inspections electronically, helping streamline maintenance and compliance.
What is the FMCSA’s ELD mandate deadline?
The final ELD mandate deadline passed on December 16, 2019. By now, all required carriers must be using ELDs unless exempt.
Where can I find help with using my ELD?
You can consult the user manual, contact the vendor’s support team, or visit your ELD provider’s support page. Some systems also include in-app tutorials and video guides.